Summary Description
- Sets reduction targets of greenhouse gas emissions in animal agriculture.
- TopicThe topic of the legislation or policy covered by the text
- Climate & environmental protection
- SpeciesThe animal, or type of food production, covered by the text
- Farmed animals
- JurisdictionCountry or geographical area where the text applies
- Indonesia
- Sub-jurisdictionCountry or state where the text applies
- N/A
- Type of ActWhether the act is a law, regulation, or policy, or another type of text
- Policy
- StatusIndicates whether the act is in force or not
- In force
- Legal ValueWhether the text is binding or not
- Non-binding
- Date enactedDate the text was adopted
- 2020
- Date updatedDate when the entry was last updated by the CALF team
- June, 2023
- Official citation
- Nationally Determined Contribution, Indonesia (2020)
Strengths & Weaknesses
- Strengths
- Climate change mitigation measures include quantified reduction targets including for animal agriculture.
- These measures include: - Manure management of biogas of up to 0.06% of the total cattle in 2030. - Feed supplement for up to 2.5% of the cattle population in 2030. However, these targets are assumed to be alongside an increase of the cattle population and current biogas operationalization (see weaknesses). - The repurposing of land as carbon sinks. Indonesia has taken steps in its land use sector to reduce emissions by establishing a moratorium on the clearing of primary forests and by reducing deforestation and forest degradation, restoring ecosystem functions, as well as sustainable management of forest.
- Regarding the wider agricultural sector mitigation, scenarios include: - The use of low emissions crops in 908,000 - 926,000 hectares by 2030 and the implementation of water-efficient water management across 820,000 hectares of land by 2030.
- Weaknesses
- Indonesia's NDCs assume that the use of best available technology will increase cattle productivity, and that the cattle population will continue to increase.
- The projected greenhouse gas emission reduction for the agricultural sector is very low and the mitigation scenarios do not provide explicit reduction targets when it comes to the use of low emissions crops and water-efficient water management.
- Furthermore, Indonesia's NDC does not include:
- Timeframe for peak livestock production.
- Reduction targets of consumption levels of animal source foods.
- Measures to encourage a shift from high-meat diets, towards healthier, more sustainable plant-based diets.
- A food diversification strategy by replacing livestock with foods that simultaneously minimise environmental burdens and maximise public health benefits (i.e.: pulses, grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and seeds).
- Legislation to enforce measures to achieve the targets.